SICP exercise 1.28 - Miller Rabin Primality Test

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morbidCode
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Joined: Fri Aug 26, 2016 2:44 am

SICP exercise 1.28 - Miller Rabin Primality Test

Post by morbidCode » Fri Aug 26, 2016 2:49 am

Hi, I'm new here.

Can anyone review my code? This is exercise 1.28 from SICP.

Description:

"Exercise 1.28: One variant of the Fermat test that cannot be fooled is called the Miller-Rabin test (Miller 1976; Rabin 1980). This starts from an alternate form of Fermat’s Little Theorem, which states that if n is a prime number and a is any positive integer less than n, then a raised to the n-1-st power is congruent to 1 modulo n. To test the primality of a number n by the Miller-Rabin test, we pick a random number a < n and raise a to the n-1-st power modulo n using the expmod procedure. However, whenever we perform the squaring step in expmod, we check to see if we have discovered a “nontrivial square root of 1 modulo n,” that is, a number not equal to 1 or n-1 whose square is equal to 1 modulo n. It is possible to prove that if such a nontrivial square root of 1 exists, then n is not prime. It is also possible to prove that if n is an odd number that is not prime, then, for at least half the numbers a < n, computing a^n-1 in this way will reveal a nontrivial square root of 1 modulo n. (This is why the Miller-Rabin test cannot be fooled.) Modify the expmod procedure to signal if it discovers a nontrivial square root of 1, and use this to implement the Miller-Rabin test with a procedure analogous to fermat-test. Check your procedure by testing various known primes and non-primes. Hint: One convenient way to make expmod signal is to have it return 0."
https://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/chapter1/node17.html

Here is my code:

  (define (square x) (* x x))
 
  (define (expmod base exp m)
    (define (expmod-iter a base exp)
      (define squareMod (remainder (square base) m))
      (cond ((= exp 0) a)
            ((and (not (= base (- m 1)))
                  (not (= base 1))
                  (= squareMod 1))
             0)
            ((even? exp)
             (expmod-iter
              a
              squareMod
              (/ exp 2)))
            (else
             (expmod-iter
              (remainder (* a base) m)
              base
              (- exp 1)))))
    (expmod-iter
     1
     base
     exp))

  (define (miller-rabin-test n)
    (define (try-it a)
      (= (expmod a n n) 1))
    (try-it (+ 1 (random (- n 1)))))
 
  (define (fast-prime? n times)
    (cond ((= times 0) true)
          ((miller-rabin-test n)
           (fast-prime? n (- times 1)))
          (else false)))
 
http://paste.lisp.org/display/323708

Did I follow the exercise? Is this correct? Are there bugs? Thanks for any feeback!

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